Exception

* Exception - klasinin ozu checked sayilir.

Checked Exception - is caught at compile time and must be handled either by re-throwing or with a 

try-catch block. It is an exception condition within your code's logic and can be recovered or re-tried from.

Unchecked Exception - is runtime exception and is not required to be handled. A runtime exception is a programming error and is fatal. 

Runtime Exception - bu exceptionlari try catch blokuna salmaga ehtiyac yoxdur. Yeni bu exceptionu tutmasaqda olar. Cunki Java qabaqcadan bilirki eger unchecked exception cixsa ne etmeliyem. 

package main;

public class Account {

    public Double amount = 0.0;

    public void withdraw(Double a) {
        if (a <= amount) {
            this.amount -= a;
        } else {
            throw new RuntimeException("Sizin kifayet qeder mebleginiz yoxdur");
        }
    }

    public void deposit(Double a) {
        this.amount += a;
    }
}

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Try Catch example:

package main;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//        try {
//            exception();
//        } catch (Exception e) {
//            System.out.println("Catch bloku");
//        }
        exception();
        System.out.println("Davam");
    }

    public static void exception() throws Exception {
        throw new Exception("Xeta baw verdi");
    }
}

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package main;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        try {
            System.out.println("Hello");
            exception();
            method1();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Catch bloku");
        }
        
        System.out.println("Davam");
    }

    public static void exception() {
        throw new RuntimeException("Xeta baw verdi");
    }

    public static void method1() {
        System.out.println("method1");
    }
} 

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Try Catch Finally example:

finally - o demekdir ki, ne olursa olsun bu block iwleyecek. finally block bir halda iwlemeye 

biler. System.exit(0);

package main;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        try {
            System.out.println("Hello");
            exception();
            method1();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Catch bloku");
            System.exit(0);
        } finally {
            System.out.println("finally");
        }

        System.out.println("Davam");
    }

    public static void exception() {
        throw new RuntimeException("Xeta baw verdi");
    }

    public static void method1() {
        System.out.println("method1");
    }
}

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try finally example: Bu zaman exception atilir lakin finally bloku mutleq iwe duwur. 
package main;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        try {
            System.out.println("Hello");
            exception();
            method1();
//        } catch (Exception e) {
//            System.out.println("Catch bloku");
//            System.exit(0);
        } finally {
            System.out.println("finally");
        }

        System.out.println("Davam");
    }

    public static void exception() {
        throw new RuntimeException("Xeta baw verdi");
    }

    public static void method1() {
        System.out.println("method1");
    }
}

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Example1:


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Oz exception klasimizin yaradilmasi:
package main;

public class MyException extends Exception {

    public MyException(String msg) {
        super(msg);
    }
}
package main;

public class Main2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Account account = null;

        if (account == null) {
            try {
                throw new MyException("Null xetasi");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

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Error
An Error indicates serious problems that a reasonable application should not try to catch.
Errors are the conditions which cannot get recovered by any handling techniques. 
* Error-u try catch blokuna salmaq olar lakin biz hemin errorun tipine gore hereket etmeliyik.

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* Vacib meqamlardan biri. Diqqetli olun!
package main.exception;

public class MyException1 extends RuntimeException {
    public MyException1(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}
package main.exception;

public class MyException2 extends Exception {

    public MyException2(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

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package main.error;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
    }

    public static void throwException1() {
        System.out.println("I'll throw and exception!");
        throw new RuntimeException("Just kidding!");
    }

    public static void throwException2() {
        System.out.println("I'll throw an exception!");
        try {
            throw new RuntimeException("Just kidding!");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    public static void throwError1() {
        System.out.println("I'll throw an error!");
        throw new OutOfMemoryError("Just kidding!");
    }

    public static void throwError2() {
        System.out.println("I'll throw an error!");
        try {
            throw new OutOfMemoryError("Just kidding!");
        } catch (OutOfMemoryError error) {
            System.out.println(error.getMessage());
        }
    }
}